Captivating Houses is NOT a real estate company, it is an opinion-based blog and does NOT represent any property or agency. Mulberry Hill and White Hall Plantations, located in Bryan County, Georgia, had more than 130 slaves when Richard James Arnold took over in 1823. 5-11: a debit and credit ledger for the trip; debits begin on 5 (numbered by Brandon as 7) and then are carried over on 8 through 11, with a final total (summed by me from Brandons subtotals) of $19,145.60 in expenses by February 2; credits begin page 6 (numbered by Brandon as 8) and then continue on 13 to 14, where a final total made by Brandon on February 2 shows $10,168.25 in credits, Begin August 1863 entry. Destructive 'Super Pigs' From Canada Threaten the Northern U.S. Did an Ancient Magnetic Field Reversal Cause Chaos for Life on Earth 42,000 Years Ago? After Brandon pursued several possible places to rent in Texas, Joseph S. Able, a resident of Robertson County, offered Brandon a place on his land with 300 acres in cultivation 2 cabins & corn on the ground as well as use of a mill. 1800 kitchen/slave house with its unusual extended cornice. It is believed that the name Brandon came from the family name of Martin's wife . Eats well on the road. On April 17, 1878, twelve white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati, Ohio, to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. II, p. 817, which claimed that at the beginning of the Civil War, Brandon owned a million dollars worth of slaves. 468 Filed Under: Mississippi Natchez Natchez In 2009 the owners of the house, Edward L. and James R. Diefenthal of New Orleans, Louisiana, donated the house to the Historic Natchez Foundation.[2]. Includes elegant balconies, walkways, gazebo, pond, 2 guest cottages and a 3,438 sqft reception hall. Then, in 1848, Jane Cirode went to a county courthouse and registered Wood as free. Hes hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his work. 1841, d. 1859 in the, Elizabeth Elmina C. Ella Brandon (b. Woods victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. At San Agustine by 11th. If you are interested in a house, all information, including: price, status, neighborhood, condition, etc., must be independently verified. Discovered that several men (Isaac, [Matt] & Charley) had been in the hog business, cost me $30 (noted in ledger on p.9, Brandons page 14); medicine scarce; Oh! She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. It almost makes me sick. ADAMS Formed in 1799 from Natchez District Anchorage Plantation North - Griffith Auburn Plantation - Duncan Avalange Plantation - Harper This property has much more to offer. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. Living very poor. His travels for land continue. By the 3rd he paid $53 for a ferry at Trinity, Louisiana (likely to cross the Black River), and then paid $38 to cross Little River on the 7th. Not only business operations and day-to-day labor routines, but family affairs, the roles of women, racial attitudes, relations between masters and slaves, social and cultural life, the values shared by members of the planter class, and Reprinted with permission from Smithsonian Enterprises. 1850 - According to the District Census, Boone Hall was producing 4,000,000 bricks per year using 85 slaves . Ownership may have meant the purchase of a spouse, an individual's children, or other relatives who were not emancipated. Her captors destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen in tandem with the Southern cotton economy. A record now at the National Archives in Chicago confirms that he did, in 1879. 1872 - The plantation was sold to Henry Horlbeck's two sons, Frederick Henry Horlbeck and John S. Horlbeck ( 7 ). Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much Cirodes daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirodes manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. See Gerard Brandon, The Brandon Family, ed. Sanderson is also listed in weaver1945, 109, as a Mississippi planter who owned around $222,000 worth of property in Louisiana., Could be a reference to Henrietta Wood. Perfect for an unforgettable. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. Carter said the original documents digitized on the site will help her uncover more of her own familys history in Virginia, as well as help her students learn about the era. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. Visits another refugee family, hears some incidents they had heard of the occupation of Natchez. Legal trouble with Hughes.12 Talks to lawyer A. On November 15** went ot hear a Mr. Reynolds and Lively got married at Boone Hall Plantation in Mount Pleasant, which features nine slave cabins, referred to as "Slave Street." The move was criticized at the time, but came under . In 1987 the home was completely renovated and restored, perfectly duplicating the original construction. MORE VIRGINIA SLAVERY RESOURCES. Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. He feels they are ungrateful even though he has done all he could to make them comfortable, I wont say satisfied. Wishes Poole had them on a place where had full work for them, could make them feel tired at night, & where others observed discipline, he might get along very well. His enslaved people have a wide freedom of movement at night, in a land where most of the people have no slaves, & have never been used to them, & where many say they want one for company. He fears how Poole will get along when I am gone. He will leave strict laws. Begins September 6 entry, awakened again at night by the cry of dogs & the yelling of men., Able reports a runaway, disputes over stolen money and trading done by Bill. Gerod Brandon appears on the 1864 County Tax Rolls for Robertson County with no real estate, but 270 slaves valued at $108,000, as well as $5000 in Confederate Notes and $6,125 in horses, cattle, and other property. The Agricultural census of 1860 shows 250 improved acres, 450 unimproved, valued at $10,000. Expressions of homesickness. is brandon hall plantation haunted? Not everyone agreed with the verdict, but the facts of her horrific story were widely accepted as credible. The freedom suit had prevented Ward from selling Wood for nearly two years, but in 1855, he took her to a Kentucky slave-trading firm that did business in Natchez, Mississippi. Ella Brandon Stantons daughter, Charlotte Brandon (1866-1936), married Dunbar Surget Merrill. He would charge $5 an acre for cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. For more on Able, see Able Family. Milnor worried about his stock (thieves? They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Returns from Salado to reports of death, including Henrietta has just come to say Diceys little boy is dead. After moving to Ables, All at Home for the war. Description of the Able Family , and another Mississippi refugee named Williams.10 Difficulty getting a beef he had paid for. 1864/1865, d. 1935), Adams County, Mississippi: 154 enslaved people are listed under Gerard Brandon. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. about opposition to refugees, particularly if they had much property, and the slogan rich mans war & the poor mans fight. Another refugee who had fenced up a spring. It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. erath county rant and rave; springfield, mo jail inmates; essex county hospital center jobs; blanching vs non blanching erythema; star trek next generation cast salaries 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. "I can't quite tell my age," Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. Some counties mentioned in Brandons diary, cropped from Texas County Map (1860), Vicksburg veterans continue their critiques of planters who stay at home to take care of our negroes. They hoped to hear of evry planter there losing everything they had, for they had done but little to deserve success.. She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. In the 1863 tax sales the property was sold to the Federal government for . Cold front. The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. (In fact, free black Northerners had been kidnapped for years before the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.) On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. If he followed the road from San Augustine to Crockett pictured on Texas Map (1865), then he likely passed through Nacogdoches as well. Hover over the town names to trace her tortuous path from slavery to freedomand back. With numerous slaves and landholdings in Mississippi and Louisiana, Brandon was one of the wealthiest planters in Natchez when the Civil War began. The database features a public message board, filled with notes posted by users searching for ancestors who may have been slaves. These slaves hadn't been disguised as 'servants . As one put it, Woods award was not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty she had suffered, but it would be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.. Brandon was a very rich man, Wood later said. See, Trinity River (specific place illegible, but may be Madisonville) (possibly by July 22, when he paid $28 for a ferry, according to page 5 of the journal), qq Transcribe relevant portions of Texas diary, qq Go through probate records on Ancestry. After 1815, as white settlers rushed into the lower Mississippi River Valley, many looked to purchase slaves to cultivate the region's most profitable crop. Newspapers described Wood's suit as an "old case" or a "relic of slavery times," consigning stories like hers to a fading past. Brandon was originally a vast land grant to John Martin, companion of Captain John Smith, on his first voyage to America. Now I was in trouble. The story told by Bill deepens in complexity, and involves a plot by Ables son to run to Mexico, though most of his slaves deny that they were going to go along. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. 1845, d. 1909), Charlotte Lottie Brandon (b. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Virginia that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, other historic registers, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. 3:10 PM EST, Mon February 6, 2012. Copyright 2019 Smithsonian Institution. Negro slave owners were listed in 29 Kentucky counties (see below). A Note to our Readers The value of his real estate was $170,000 and his personal estate was $400,000. Her captors' destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen with the Southern cotton economy. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. Documents citing slaves go back to the 1690s: Thats when slavery starts to grow fast in Virginia and other English colonies, Levengood said. An affidavit provided by Brandon in a later lawsuit indicates he departed on July 1.5. The corn we sold yesterday brought 3.15$ per barrel. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly a million people were sold "down the river.". Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). This site contains affiliate links to products. Sanderson hung back in Natchez. 1847, d. 1885; married Joseph C. Pierce, Agnes Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. January 19, 1862; see, Sarah Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. December 13, 1862; see, Charles Gerard Brandon (b. I am aware of the hands that built it, and the literal blood, sweat, and tears that entailed. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. Charles S. Darden Travels to Belton in buggy. Brandon was also required to pay his wife $127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit. Cookie Policy herculoids gloop and gleep sounds She has learned to weave and is well satisfied your brother[-in-law] says. See Gerard B. Rickey and Alan C. Rayne, ed., I Will Write if I Have to Use a Stick: Letters from HomeCornelia Jane Shields Letters to her Children, 1864-1865 (University Park, Tex. The site is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and the final tour starts at 4 p.m. Poole gone to the field. Homesick thoughts, trying to read his Bible. Im going to use this not only personally, but professionally, she said. Brandon is an historic plantation located on the south shore of the James River in Prince George County, Virginia. Notations on page 5 of his pocketbook indicate that on July 1, he first paid $140 for a ferry at Quitmans (a reference to a contemporary place in Adams County known as Quitmans Landing and referred to in papers and military records of that time; it was north of Natchez). In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. One of N.J.'s first instances of slavery is marked at this burial ground 27/02/2023 Kathy DeAngelo, a member of the historian commission from the Tinton Falls historical society shows the Crawford House and burial ground that was an iron mine where enslaved African Americans worked in Tinton Falls, NJ on Tuesday Feb. 14, 2023. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly one million people were sold down the river.. The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as a spectacled negro woman, apparently sixty years old. The defendant was Zebulon Ward, a white man who had enslaved Wood 25 years before. Today, the opulent residence, which was . However, at the height of the slave era (1830-1860), only a few thousand masters owned as many as 300 people. Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. Able. He strikes new deal with Able to settle on his land: he could let me heave as much land as Col. R. had offered, with 300 acres in cultivation, 2 cabins, & corn in the ground at $1 per barrel, and let me have the use of a mill , would charge $5 an acre for the cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. Brandon agrees. Headed back to TX today using same route Brandon took with slaves, including Wood, in 1863. From 1914 until the present, Brandon Hall Plantation has had ten owners. Ward planned to make Wood the latest victim of this trade, but she resolved to fight. A copy was made, 6 October 1804. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. Dudley I think will die. Arrival of Mrs Spark and her son, other Mississippi refugees, who had found and brought Jack Lancaster. A Natchez refugee visits and told of many negroes who went to Yankees, that Billy Sanderson had killed himself drinking with them, that Freds wife had been hung, that Merrill was giving them dinner parties &c. but had heard never a word of my family. Feelings of worry and suspense. The unfolding of our country's history with slavery, at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and its surrounding streets, is critical for all Americans to understand. Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. Wagons and wheels being fixed. A native Kentuckian who had recently moved to Covington, just across the Ohio River from Cincinnati, Ward became a deputy sheriff in 1853. The search for enslaved ancestors requires research in the records of slaveholding families. The bulk of his papers are in several collections at Historic Natchez Foundation. Their son Dunbar Merrill had a daughter named (Ruth Britton) Dunbar Merrill Flinn (1926-2006), whose attic contained many Brandon family papers before they were donated to the Historic Natchez Foundation.2. Suggest edits to improve what we show. Begins December 27 entry. Most furnishings along with the commercial equipment & supplies will stay. Conversation with Dr.Killibrou (?) Wood was among them. Ward's lawyers stalled, claiming that Wood's failed antebellum suit for freedom proved his innocence. Brandon Hall Plantation was built in 1856 outside of Natchez. Two days earlier, the jury had watched as Wood took the stand; her son, Arthur, who lived in Chicago, was in the courtroom. Clipping of J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas (1863) showing locations mentioned in Brandons account of his flight from Natchez. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. All accommodations at this luxury home have private in-room (not shared) bathrooms. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. Begins August 3 entry at came near Dr.Milners Spring. In January 1914, the plantation, house, and land was sold to George Hightower as a result of a default on a promissory note, thus ending an 81-year chain of ownership by the Brandon and Hoggatt families. The free, public website also provides a high-resolution copy of the antique documents that identify the slave. The building is an example of the fast-disappearing service structures that once were a ubiquitous feature of the Southern agrarian landscape. Many newspapers described Woods suit as an old case or a relic of slavery times, consigning stories like hers to a fading past. The "finest" house at the Brandon Hall Plantation, for example, was built by the enslaved. According to scarborough2003, p.432, Brandon owned 706 enslaved people on plantations in Adams County (512), Concordia Parish (113) and Tensas Parish (81) in the 1860 Census, making him the tenth largest slaveholder in Scarboroughs sample for 1860, even though he does not appear on Scarboroughs sample of planters with over 500 slaves in 1850. It wasn't until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. must be sold out of this section, or hung, or I must move, as my negroes might be the cause of all the negroes being dissatisfied and many a man might loose his property by my coming here. These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. Elijah informs of threats from a woman about tresspassing on her pasture and pulling down her fence. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. Harriss said many architectural features were kept true to the original design when the house was renovated in. Begins November 10 entry. : Pelican Publishing Company, Inc., 2007), 92. Describes the Brazos (he appears to spell as Brassos) as a little, crooked, muddy [? Begins September 29 entry. Brandon married Charlotte Smith Hoggatt in 1840 in Adams County, Mississippi. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: "We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.". On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. In 1834, the teenager was bought by a merchant in Louisville and taken from her family. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. Arranges situation for Phoebe.11 Feels gloomy, homesick. So using a $100,000 corporate grant from Dominion, one of the nations largest producers and transporters of energy, society researchers began examining some of its 8 million manuscripts that Virginia residents have been giving to the historical society since its founding in 1831. My mistress gave me my freedom, Wood later said, and my papers were recorded. Wood spent the next several years performing domestic work around Cincinnati. Robertson offers him use of land, offers to put the deal in writing in Belton. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. I cant quite tell my age, Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. , had a good dinner & supper, spent a pleasant evening. Asthma & cramp colic. Begins November 13th & 14th" entry, discusses hunting for deer. Sanford has gone to Monroe, returned about the 1st, and the authorities say I have not had any negroes in their hands. Hears that the Yankees had not molested anyone in our neighborhood, & all were getting on pretty well. Sanford saw a family wash their feet in the skillet in which they had cooked their supper! After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Because the award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher courts where the verdict might have been more widely noticed. All accommodations at this luxury home have private in-room (not shared) bathrooms. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Cornelias screw worms , such as kill thousands of stock in Texas annually. Poole has been ill for three days. Begins December 24 entry. FOR SALE: 1856 Brandon Hall Plantation, Natchez, Mississippi Our Restoration Nation 103K subscribers Subscribe 16K 1.4M views 1 year ago Have you ever wanted to own your own historic mansion. Your Privacy Rights See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. Theyll be able to take it and grow from that.. If you know of any others send the information to me. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. . Privacy Statement Harrisonburg by the 16th, butcould not pass the pickets" and found that all the Ferries on Ouachita & Tensas were destroyed or strictly guarded. Backtracks to Alexandria. Brandon was one of many Refugees to Texas who took Refugeed Slaves there to escape emancipating Union armies. Thinks about people at home. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Wood's kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. His ancestors were slaves here, but the longtime math and science teacher at McComb High School felt no anger or bitterness. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Poor mans fight a beef he had paid for those evils teacher at McComb High School no! Son, other Mississippi refugees, particularly if they had heard of the Civil War began resolved to fight Mississippi. Shared ) bathrooms lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, a white man who had found and Jack... 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