Having twice been the focus of BBC drama series 1985s Wynne And Penkovsky, and Nuclear Secrets in 2007 which explored how Wynne and Penkovsky supplied the West with information on Russias nuclear build-up in Cuba that helped prevent a nuclear holocaust in the Cuban Missile Crisis this remarkable episode in British espionage is to finally get the Hollywood treatment. Eventually captured by the KGB in 1977, Ogorodnik just had time to take cyanide. Photograph: News (UK) Ltd/Rex Features, Thatcher considered UK chemical weapons programme, documents show, Downing Street files reveal how Oliver Letwin kept poll tax plans alive, TheGuardian view of the poll tax papers: judgment on Oliver Letwin, Home Office dismissed nuclear winter threat as scaremongering, files show, National Archives: revelations from the released documents, Archive files show how Thatcher vetoes shaped 1985 Anglo-Irish agreement, Cabinet papers show Thatcher advisers struggle with Heseltine over Westland. He had been a key contact for a Russian military intelligence officer named Col Oleg Penkovsky, who had provided vital intelligence at a time of great tension during the Cold War. Their cover was eventually blown by another British agent, George Blake, who defected to the Soviets. Seething, he finally agreed to spy for the Americans. Wynne and Penkovskys espionage activities were eventually discovered by the KGB. As an intelligence officer Worse, after the crash, the Agencys hubris led the U.S. government to flatly deny there had been a spy plane. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) lore and popular culture tout Col. Oleg Penkovsky as "the spy who saved the world" during the Berlin and Cuban missile crises. Family Shevchenko and Minister of foreign Affairs of the USSR Andrei Gromyko friends. In the midst of the Cold War, a top-ranking Soviet officer named Oleg Penkovsky feared that the risk of nuclear war was too great, and decided to share some of the most closely held secrets of the Soviet arsenal with the West. On November 2, 1962, two such calls came. He, along with Montgomery and others, was expelled. He awoke to find himself in the footwell of a moving car, arms handcuffed behind him, face covered in blood. He had planned to write a memoir but died of malaria before he could begin. Wynne, a British businessman, he offered his services to British intelligence. He was arrested on October 22nd. Penkovsky's father might have fled to the West rather than have died of typhus as Penkovsky had previously reported, the KGB prohibited Penkovsky from assuming his post in New Delhi but permitted him to remain in the GRU after his mother submitted a statement detailing her family's ignorance of her husband's fate.28 He really came into his own during the Cuban missile crisis, passing on knowledge of Soviet nuclear capabilities on the island. [1] Janet continued to travel around the world until well into her 70s. Penkovsky had been trying to offer his services to the west for some years, blatantly buttonholing diplomats and businessmen at receptions and approaching tourists in the street. There are different versions concerning the fate of foreign money, proclaimed Adolf Tolkachev. Britain's MI5 has complained about the activities of Russian spies in the UK, saying the numbers are close to Cold War levels - although many will be looking at the large number of Russian exiles. Stieglitz, photographer. But with a wife and young daughter at home, Penkovsky worried that the bragging would soon lead to nuclear warand the subsequent death of himself, his family and his countrymen. How many times did Benny shoot The Courier? A court sentenced him to eight years in prison for espionage, but in April 1964 he was exchanged for Soviet intelligence officer Konon Molodoy, who had been detained in Britain. The daughter of a Russian mother . Wynne was arrested and sent to jail until he was swapped for a KGB spy arrested in London. Each time, the spying continued. His real job was as a senior officer in the GRU, Soviet . Fifty years ago Greville Wynne was put on trial. One of them said quietly, Mr Veen?, and I said, Yes, that is my name.. 23:56 GMT 01 Jul 2021. He knew he would be executed for treasonas he soon wasand so this was a last-ditch attempt to take the Soviet Union down with him, by pushing the West into launching a nuclear strike. But spying is not. Outwardly, Janet was an ordinary mother of four children. He would go on to betray more than 100 secret CIA operations, taking in more than $2 million in bribes. Col. Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky was considered the wunderkind of the Soviet intelligence services. He was arrested by the Soviets in 1962 and executed the next. Penkovsky delivered crucial information, including about the Soviet Unions new Cuban missiles. JB: Where Penkovsky was extremely valuable was his assessment, based on information that he'd gotten from the political and military leaders of the Soviet Union, that Khrushchev was indeed a very dangerous opponent and it was based on his information that made the United States rise on top. Polyakov lasted the longest; the other twoPyotr Popov and Oleg Penkovskywere betrayed, it is believed, by British mole George Blake (who is in his 90s, living in exile in Moscow). Several times he reached out to the West: through U.S. tourists in Moscow and British businessman Greville Wynne, who had links with British intelligence. Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janet_Chisholm&oldid=1119755453, Articles needing additional references from May 2021, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 November 2022, at 07:01. Operatives had seen him in the company of British embassy employee Janet Chisholm, who herself was suspected of espionage. In any case, so says himself Viktor Suvorov (Vladimir Rezun), a former employee of the GRU who escaped with his wife and children in 1978 in the UK. They justified it to their superiors on the grounds that the other man liked a drink and could betray sensitive information while in his cups. On the day the war ended, Aug. 14, 1945, Bentley slipped out of New York and into the FBI office in New Haven. He is known as one of the greatest spies in the world. Advocates of the position that Penkovsky's intelligence did 'save the world', like Andrew and Gordievsky or Schecter and Deriabin, argue that Penkovsky provided important insights into both Krushchev's policy and the state of the Soviet armed forces and has therefore been the most important Western penetration agent of the Cold War. They were warned, and that the aircraft had entered Cuban airspace. But Wynne paid a heavy price for his heroism. The programme included covert KGB photographs showing Janet Chisholm meeting Oleg Penkovsky. The swap took place at a checkpoint in Berlin, where a short white line was painted on the road to mark the border between east and west. Except this time, Americans were slipping into enemy territory. The Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, formerly the Main Intelligence Directorate, and still commonly known by its previous abbreviation GRU, is. According to Wynne, British intelligence noticed Penkovskys odd (for a Soviet official) behaviour frequently slipping away alone for long strolls round the city or drinking wine at a pavement cafe where he would have a faraway expression. Oleg Gordievsky and Leila Alieva met in Copenhagen: she was a typist for the World Health Organization; he was an unhappily married KGB officer, and a spy for MI6. Their relationship did not last their enforced separation. And sometimes save the world. With Vladimir Chuprikov, Merab Ninidze, James Schofield, Fred Haig. The GRU (Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravleniye) is the main military foreign-intelligence service of. Once the Americans found the communication cables, they planted bugs. In the end when the KGB finally caught on to him, he had to be smuggled out of Russia in the boot of an MI6 officer's car in one of the most daring operations of the Cold War. the GRU Colonel Oleg Penkovsky was also recruited by British intelligence in the 60-ies in the USSR for many years was considered a symbol of betrayal, such serious damage he inflicted with the spying. The CIA. In Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky. The defection of Gordievsky was one of the UK's greatest security coups, delivering a stream of high-grade information. [1] After school, she worked in London as a secretary before joining the Allied Control Commission and moving to West Germany. Even if, compared to 007s exploits, they leave us shaken, not stirred. In Moscow, Wynne introduced Penkovsky to another intermediary Janet Chisholm, wife of MI6s local head of station. (Central Intelligence Agency Historical Collections). Outwardly, Janet was an ordinary mother of four children. The Courier is a new feature film, starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Wynne. In October 1962, the U.S. and U.S.S.R. were on the brink of nuclear war after Soviet nuclear missiles were spotted in Cuba. Wife Shevchenko Longina soon after the escape of her husband hanged himself. Dracula is supposed to be from Transylvania which is in Romania, but the famous accent was portrayed by Bela Lugosi who was Hungarian. Documents released by National Archives show British officials saw efforts to free Oleg Gordievskys family as a lost cause, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Oleg Gordievsky in London in 1991. The Cold War is, of course, over. But there was a price: After two years, they had to help him and his family escape. If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material. Dozens killed after two trains collide in Greece, Survivors describe 'nightmarish seconds' as trains crashed, Rescuers search wreckage of deadly Greece train crash. The mole reported that Janet Chisholm, the wife of a British intelligence officer working in Moscow, was also active in collection activities herself. For nearly 25 years, Polyakov served as a trusted resource for the United States passing on Soviet Secrets until he was abruptly called back to Moscow in 1980. As deputy head of the Foreign Relations Department of the State Committee for the Coordination of Scientific Research under the USSR Council of Ministers, Penkovsky had an opportunity to travel on trips abroad, which he used to meet with his new Western colleagues. The espionage continues, although Moscow has taken most of its anti-American efforts online. How do you find the perimeter of a half circle shape? The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. He even approached them surreptitiously in the street, a desperate tactic that encouraged them to think he was an agent provocateur and reject his advances. Although American politicians exploited the resulting paranoia, Bentley proved there were Russian spies among us. As important as Popov was to the United States and the West, it was Colonel Oleg Penkovsky, another Soviet GRU officer, who has earned the sobriquet, the "spy who saved the world.'. Elizabeth Bentley was a Vassar graduate and a dedicated Communist in 1938 when she fell for Timmy. What the lonely woman didnt know was that Timmy was actually Jacob Golos, one of Stalins top spies. But the extraordinary secrecy wreaks havoc in Wynne's personal life as his wife suspects he's having an affair. Together they stopped the Cuban Missle Crisis and prevented a nuclear catastrophe. The answer is, yes, this film is based on true events and is inspired by the story of Greville Wynne, an unassuming businessman who was recruited into the Cold War by both the British and American secret services. The CIA, however, did send the signal up the line: Montgomery drove to the American embassy and sent a flash message to Langley saying that the early warning signal for war had been received. Gordievsky never took a penny from MI6 until after he had defected to the U.K. His actions were motivated by a hatred of the tyranny of the Soviet system, and the degraded condition in which it. He was to call her if he learned that he was about to travel to the West and had no time to tell Janet. Greville Wynne was detained in Budapest ten days after Penkovskys arrest, and taken to Moscow. Soviet intelligence colonel Oleg Penkovsky stopped at nothing in pursuit of his dream to live in the United States. Since Oleg Penkovsky offered his services to both the Americans and the British, the CIA and MI6 developed him jointly. This meant the Soviets had missiles on Cuba that could strike the United States anywhere between Dallas and Washington. Penkovsky and Wynne had some fun while their collaboration lasted. Prince Oleg of Novgorod (Old East Slavic: , Old Norse: Helgi) is the Grand Prince of Kievan Rus. Video, Rescuers search wreckage of deadly Greece train crash, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. The Courier: Directed by Dominic Cooke. Everyone has read John le Carre and knows how these things work. Years later, the Agency discovered a British double agent betrayed them. Because his father opposed the Communist revolution, Penkovsky was routinely denied promotions. He was immediately arrested and killed by firing squad. Greville Wynne And Oleg Penkovsky were both arrested by the Soviets in 1962. His MI6 handler directed him to make contact with an organisation dedicated to advancing Soviet scientific research. He had a visceral hatred of Khrushchev and his regime, and told his handlers in great detail about the problems with the Soviet Union. But Russia continues. And it is a lot less complicated and easier to understand than some of the more complex security threats and relationships of the modern world. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Collection, 1948), Francis Gary Powers in his flight suit, standing next to the U-2. I said: Dont do that, get my family It was very, very, difficult.. I see the strongest objections to continuing to pursue what we know to be a lost cause, he cabled. Oleg lives a quiet and unassuming life with his wife Vera (played by Maria Mironova) and their daughter Nina (played by Emma Penzina), who's about 5 or 6 years old. (Associated Press), Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. At other meetings, he would hand over film inside cigarette packets, signalling that he had something to report by phoning the British embassys naval attache but hanging up after a few rings. Officials are agnostic but pessimistic about the chance of success. His dining companion, Dickie Franks, revealed himself to be an officer of the. Both men were heavy drinkers who liked a party and even persuaded their respective paymasters to stump up 500 each for the construction of a bar at Wynnes home. The four goons seized Wynne and hurled him into a car, kicking him viciously in the kidneys and bludgeoning him on the head with something metal. Ames was finally arrested in 1994. Oleg Penkovsky and Greville Wynne clandestinely smuggled 5000 top-secret . Their first encounter was classic Hollywood they met on a park bench and after a brief chat, Penkovsky (whod been given a photo of her by Wynne) dropped a box of sweets in the pram of her youngest child. Will you still be able to buy Godiva chocolate? Graduating class of the Dzerzhinzkiy Artillery Engineering Academy in the USSR in 1960; Oleg Penkovskiy is the third from right in the front row. That space was reserved for Oleg Penkovsky, a Soviet military intelligence colonel and British double agent whose information is credited with ending the Cuban missile crisis and even altering the entire course of the Cold War. But I knew this was an important signal if he was going to go to the West, and that the office in London wanted to know when that would be, so the following morning I sent a telegram to say Id received it.. How can I stop my phone from listening to me? Penkovsky had been given a list of numbers, one of which was Felicity Stuarts. But he dared to think outside the box. It should be explained to him that we had already risked a lot by the delay., Recalling the dilemma, Gordievsky told the Guardian: I discussed [with my British handlers] the expulsion of the Russian apparatus from London. Penkovsky was surrounded not only by drinking buddies and airheads, but also by shrewd, perceptive types. The film sees him arrested on a plane leaving. Penkovsky continued to feed MI6 and the CIA intelligence, and it was so valuable that he has been called the spy who saved the world. Much like this latest incident, British diplomats were named by the Russians and exposed on TV. Concluding our nail-biting series on double agent Oleg Gordievsky, we tell how the KGB officer who was spying for MI6 made a death-defying dash to freedom, with the Kremlin hot on his tail. Greville Wynne stood accused of being a spy. What happened to Oleg Penkovsky Oleg Penkovsky was arrested in October 1962. Son And Daughter Now. Other questions included whether to restrict Soviet diplomats permitted travel zone to 20 miles around London and whether to expel agents from other east European embassies. However, as the last sozzled Hungarian official stumbled home, Wynne realised that the game was up and he wouldnt be going to Moscow at least, that is, not for a rendezvous with Penkovsky. They showed that the Soviet Union was not ready for war in the region, making it clear to the West that President Khrushchev was bluffing and trying to provoke America into a pre-emptive nuclear strike. Penkovsky was an ambitious artillery officer who married a general's daughter, moved up rapidly in his profession, entered military intelligence in the belief that it would further his advancement, and then found himself stuck in the rank of colonel with a nerve-racking job. The CIA has declassified thousands of pages about the Penkovsky operation but MI6, which is much more reticent about its accomplishments, hasnt declassified a single related document related. Fifty years ago - nearly to the day - a British businessman stood in a stiflingly hot Moscow court room. Wynne and his Russian source, Oleg Penkovsky (codenamed Ironbark), provided crucial intelligence that ended the Cuban Missile Crisis." The operation was in an especially fraught stage as it was now taking place in Moscow, which was home to the KGBs headquarters, the Lubyanka. So, he secretly contacted the CIA through an American tourist, requesting help. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Lt. Col. Oleg Penkovsky, born the same year as Wynne in 1919, was the man on the inside, the GRU spy who smuggled out military documents, photos, and human intelligence - including gossip he'd pick up at parties - which he passed to Wynne during business meetings. Mother and wife Belenko was forced to participate in a press conference. History 25/01/20 As the USSR did with the relatives of traitors of the Motherland. Each side still wants to know about the other's secrets. Penkovsky supplied the West with information on Soviet deployment of missiles to Cuba and has been dubbed the spy of the century. There was no imminent nuclear strikeit had simply been a trap. Their note added that it was recognised that this would be hard for Hetman to accept. [1] He had planned to write a memoir but died of malaria before he could begin. He came back to London and resumed his career in business. Although the crisis finally appeared to be over, Soviet missiles were still on Cuba and US forces remained at DEFCON-3, while British V-bombers were at Alert Condition 3. Her husband was a spy who headed the MI6 station in Moscow but worked under the guise of a visa officer. Wynne was due to take the caravan on to Moscow with his travelling trade show where he would meet Penkovsky, who was to be exfiltrated to the West secreted inside. By the time the Russians discovered the wiretaps, a year later, the Americans had eavesdropped on 433,000 secret communications. When he reached behind a radiator for a matchbox containing the message, he was pounced on and detained by the KGB. Besides, she knew too much. In a Moscow park, Penkovsky also passed packets of sweets (with camera film hidden inside) to the wife of a British MI6 officer while she was pushing her children in a pram. It was twice. Back in October 1961, MI6 and the CIA had set up a system of telephone signals for Penkovsky. In the affair of the traitor Penkovsky and his associate Wynne, it was established that the carelessness, political myopia and irresponsible chatter of some military personnel with whom Penkovsky met and drank directly facilitated his criminal activities, wrote the head of the KGB Investigative Department, Nikolai Chistyakov. Greatest spies in the GRU ( Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravleniye ) is the Grand prince Kievan! Delivered crucial information, including about the other 's secrets different versions concerning the fate of money! Did with the relatives of traitors of the Soviet intelligence colonel Oleg Penkovsky were both arrested by the discovered. Woman didnt know was that Timmy was actually Jacob Golos, one of Stalins top.... Swapped for a KGB spy arrested in London as a senior officer the! And executed the next 's secrets external sites including about the other 's secrets Shevchenko Longina after... 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